En>Ara passages for translation فقرات للترجمة من الإنجليزية للعربية

فقرات للترجمة :

1- A Cloud of Locusts :

In the course of our ride, we saw in the distant sky what looked very much like a heavy, purple thundercloud, but which the experienced pronounced to be a swarm of locusts. It seemed impossible; but as we proceed they met us, first singly, and then in gradually increasing numbers, until each step became painful, owing to the smart blows we received from them on our heads, faces and hands. We stopped for a time at a farm where notwithstanding the general appearance of prosperity, the traces of the ravages of the locusts were too visible.

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2- The Netherlands:

Attacked by the sea from without and by river from within; gaining land from the ocean, and saving it from river floods; gaining land here and losing it their, but on the whole steadily gaining; wresting new lands and farms from the depth of the sea and the beds of lakes, and thus making the whole kingdom grow and expand; eternally on the watch against inundation: such is the life of the people called Netherlanders.

The land of the Netherlanders would be nothing but a marsh if it were not for the excellent system of drainage carried out by the people. The two most striking features of this country are its canals and its windmills. The canals, which cover the land, like a network, drain the parts that are flooded, carry the water where it is needed, and serve as water-ways.

3- Spider Monkeys :

Spider monkeys are so called from their long slender limbs, and their method of movement among the branches. The tail seems to answer the purpose of a fifth hand, as it capable of being used for every purpose for which the hand could be applied; indeed the spider monkeys use this member for hooking out objects where a hand could not be inserted. In this manner, they rob the nests of birds that thought their eggs were laid away safe from all danger. The tail is also of a considerable use in climbing among the branches of trees; they coil it round the boughs to lower or raise themselves, and often will suspend themselves entirely by it, and then by a powerful swing off to some distant branch. The great length of their tails enables them to walk in the erect attitude better than most monkeys. In walking, they cast their tail upwards as high as the shoulders, and then bend it over so as to form a counterbalance against the weight of the body.

4 - The Alphabet :

Not only may a people have a literature without letters, but they may not have the art of writing without knowing anything about an alphabet. The invention of an alphabet in which to express spoken sounds was one of the greatest tasks ever achieved by human intellect. The Ancient Egyptians and the Greeks began it.

The earliest attempts at a graphic representation of events goes back to the very dawn of human history. Prehistoric man, living in his cave, scratched pictures of what he saw on the tusks of beasts, and savage tribes of today who have no knowledge of writing, still make the same.

5- How to Secure Coconuts ?

We came to a great forest of trees, extremely straight and tall, and their trunks so smooth that it was not possible for any man to climb up to the branches that bore the fruit.

When we entered the forest we saw a great number of apes of several sizes, that fled as soon as they perceived us, and climbed up to the top of the trees with surprising swiftness. We gathered stones and threw them on the apes at the top of the trees. The apes, out of revenge, threw coconuts at us as fast, and with such gestures as sufficiently testified their anger and resentment. We gathered the coconuts and from time to time threw stones to provoke the apes; so that by this stratagem we filled our bags with coconuts, which it would have been impossible for us to do otherwise.

6- Water :

The purest water with which we are acquainted is undoubtedly that which falls from the atmosphere. Having touched air alone, it can contain nothing but what it gains from the atmosphere; it is distilled without there being any impurities such as exist in vessels that are used in artificial operations.

We cannot examine rainwater without collecting it in vessels, and this may transfer any kind of contamination. So, some scientists examined water melted from snow in the Alps area and found it so pure.

Word List: acquainted
undoubtedly atmosphere
distilled – impurity – vessels – contamination

7- Real Education :

In the education of either the lower or the upper classes it matters not the least how much or how little they know, provided they know just what will fit them to do their work, and be happy in it.

A man is not educated in any sense whatsoever because he can read Latin, or write English, or can behave himself in a drawing-room; but he is only educated if he is happy, busy, beneficent and effective in the world. Millions of peasants are, therefore, better educated than most of those who call themselves gentlemen.

Word List: gentleman – education – whatsoever – drawing-room beneficent – peasant – effective

8- William Shakespeare :

William Shakespeare is, above all writers of his era, the poet of nature; the poet that holds up to his reader a faithful mirror of manners and life. His characters are not modified by the customs of particular places, unpracticed by the rest of the world. His persons act and speak by the influence of those general passions and principles by which all minds are agitated, and the whole system of life is continued in motion. In the writings of other poets, a character is too often an individual; in those of Shakespeare, it is commonly a species.

Word List: poet of nature
modified particular places
agitate – a species – – general passions and emotions

9- The Destruction of Pompeii :

One day when festivities in Pompeii were in full activity, Vesuvius sent up a tall and very black column of smoke, something like a pine-tree; and suddenly in broad noonday, darkness black as pitch came over the scene! There was a frightful din of cries, groans and imprecations, mingled confusedly together, the brother lost his sister, and the husband his wife, for the darkness became so dense that nothing could be seen. Then, the earth trembled, the houses shook and began to fall, and the sea rolled back from land as if terrified; the air became thick with dust; and then, amidst tremendous and awful noise, a shower of stones and lava fell upon the town, and blotted it for ever.

Vesuvius Pompeii
Word List: festivities – came over the scene in broad noonday tremendous –awful noise cries, groans and imprecations

10- A Gentleman :

What qualities are essential for the perfecting of a human being? A cool head, a warm heart, a sound judgement, and a healthy body. Without a cool head we are apt to form hasty conclusions; without a warm heart we are sure to be selfish; without a sound body we can do but little; while even the best intentions without sound judgement may do more harm than good.

A gentleman is honest, brave, wise, and at the same time he practices all these qualities in the most graceful outward manner. Kings can give titles, but they cannot make gentlemen. We can all, however, be noble if we choose.

Word List: cool head
warm heart sound judgement
best intentions give a title
Practice Passages

11. LEAD PAINT POISONING :

About a year ago in Charleston, South Carolina, a woman with two small children who lived in one of the poorer areas began to worry. For a couple of weeks her two-years-old had not been his usual self. He was eating poorly and was not as alert and playful as he had been. She took him to the local clinic for a checkup. The doctors told her there didn’t seem to be anything really wrong with him and that he would probably improve in a few days.

A week or two later the child got worse, to the point that he was very limp when she went to take him out of bed. This time she took him to the hospital. There they did a more complete examination and then told her that the baby had a serious case of lead poisoning. They kept him at the hospital and began intense treatment.

A couple of days later a nurse from the health department came to the patient’s home. She found that the paint on the inside walls was very old and was chipping, peeling and falling to the floor. The mother told her that she had seen the crawling child eating bits of paint and slapped him for doing it. She told him to stop. She admitted that she couldn’t watch him all of the time and didn’t think eating paint was serious anyway.

After the health department nurse told her that eating paint chips was what had made the child sick, she asked the landlord to repaint the inside walls. When he refused, she moved to another house.

The little boy came home from the hospital a couple of weeks later, but he had suffered brain damage. He could not talk as he had before and no longer had the full use of his arms and legs.

He was so damaged, in fact, that the mother decided to put him into a full-time clinic for the retarded. The trained people could work to help him recover some of his abilities. Even though it was probable that he would never recover completely. He would be crippled for life.

Today, the mother, who during this tragic experience learned a great deal about how lead-paint poisoning can occur among small children, is always telling her new neighbors how to avoid the same trouble.

12. EARLY HUNTERS :

Ten thousand years ago, a small band of weary, footsore, hungry hunters cautiously approached a few bison which they had managed to stampede away from the main herd. Ten bison finally paused to drink at a small spring in the canyon and to graze upon the thick, tall grass. For a day and a half, the hunters carefully followed the large, hairy mammals. They hoped that the beasts would lose their sense of danger and allow themselves to be boxed into a place where the hunters could come close enough to kill them.

At last, the moment was at hand ! Warily two hunters crawled along the slope of the canyon wall from opposite sides. They were looking for places from which they could throw large rocks upon the animals or hurl their spears with deadly force. Patiently five more hunters waited below, hidden in the tall grass. When the first two were in place, the leader gave the signal. Rocks came crashing down on the startled bison. Spears whistled through the air and thudded into soft flesh. Shouts and cries filled the air. One was wounded. The spear was in its flank. On this animal the hunters spent time. Three more spears found their target, and the great beast went down, thrashing wildly. Two other animals lay injured. One young calf, hobbling painfully, tried to get away to the open country but was quickly killed. The remaining six bison disappeared through the thickets and tall grass.

The wounded animals were swiftly killed with spear thrusts through the eyes. Then the group of hunters undertook the most important task of all. With quick strokes of their razor-sharp stone knives, they carefully peeled away the hide from one of the carcasses. The soft inner parts were cut quickly into pieces and eaten raw on the spot. Great chunks of meat were cut from the flanks and also eaten raw, until each hunter could eat no more. Then, the men gathered up their weapons. Some of the points were so deeply buried in the bodies that they broke loose from the shafts when the men tried to pry them free. Other shafts had broken, leaving the points embedded when the bison thrashed about trying to escape the sudden devastation. This was of minor concern. It was more important that there was meat enough to go around for the hunters, their mates, and their children.

13. TEA AND TAXES :

The cost of war is always high. The British had had to fight France both in Europe and in America. Great Britain needed more money. The King thought that the colonists were using goods on which taxes had not been paid. He ordered his officers to search for such goods without giving any reasons.

The colonists were not pleased. They were Englishmen. They said that they could not be searched unless the officer gave them a written statement telling why the search was made. But the officers took orders from the King and refused to listen to the colonists.

For many years the King and the parliament had taxed goods that were brought into the colonies from other countries. Great Britain wanted the colonies to trade with her. She had told the colonies what goods they could make and with whom they could trade. But Great Britain had not placed heavy taxes on the colonists. She had not asked that the colonies give much money to support the mother country.

Following the war with France, Great Britain kept an army of soldiers in the colonies. The King, George III, decided that the colonists should pay the cost of the army. So, the Parliament passed a new tax law. It forced the colonists to buy tax stamps and to put them on newspapers, deeds, and all business papers. The colonists could neither buy nor sell anything without paying the new taxes.

The colonists were not against taxes. But they did not like to be taxed against their wishes. They did not have representatives in the parliament. They said that it was wrong to force the colonists to pay the taxes. It was against their rights as Englishmen. For a hundred years, all Englishmen had said that only their own representatives could tax them.

At first, King George III and the parliament refused to change the tax laws. Many of the colonists would not buy the tax stamps, Some of the people took the stamps and burned them. At last, the friends of the colonists in the parliament had the tax laws changed.

The parliament then but a tax on all paint, paper, glass, lead, and tea brought into the colonies. Again, the colonists did not like new taxes. They refused to buy any goods from Great Britain until the tax laws were changed.

14. WHERE LINCOLN LIVED

For the first thirty-five years of his life, Abraham Lincoln seemed to be always on the move, the log-cabin boy and frontiersman. Indeed, he later wrote of himself as “a piece of floating driftwood”. His boyhood homes were scattered across several states: Kentucky, Indiana, and Illinois. Striking out on his own at 21, he was the clerk at a store in New Salem, Illinois, at night stretching out his large frame on piles of straw in the back room. Even after he started practicing law he had no fixed home, but followed his cases from one small town to another.

Then, when Springfield was named the state capital of Illinois, Lincoln thought the time had come to settle where the action was. He rode into Springfield on a borrowed horse, with all his personal things on his back and in his saddlebags.

Lincoln married Mary Todd in 1842. The first years of their life together were spent in boarding houses and at the Globe Tavern. After the birth of their son Robert, they bought a cottage on the corner of Eighth and Jackson Streets. The only home Lincoln ever owned cost some $1,500.

Lincoln’s Springfield home has been restored and repaired. Visitors can view the bed where Lincoln rested after straining his eyes over legal papers in flickering lamplight. They can wander through the sitting room where Mary sewed and Lincoln rocked with young Tad on his knee. The true heart of Lincoln’s memory beats in this simple house.

Thus, many visitors “in search of Lincoln” come first to the house. Then, they go off to explore other facets of his legend in the area. In Springfield’s Oak Ridge Cemetery, Lincoln, Mary, and three of their sons are buried in a large memorial. The town of New Salem now has restored cabins and shops, including the Rutledge Tavern, where Lincoln stayed for a time. Not too far away is Charleston, where he debated slavery with Stephen Douglas.

Lincoln had planned to go back to Springfield and to the house at Eighth and Jackson. The presidency, he always said, was only an interlude. So he rented the house to a friend and told Billy Herndon, his law partner, to leave their office sign untouched. He said: “If I live, I’m coming back, and we’ll go right on practicing law as if nothing ever happened.”

15. A BUCKET BRIGADE :

In the dry heat of late summer, forty hikers, campers, and high lake fishermen avoided a disaster. With hands, sticks, and tin cookware, these men and women stopped and put out a fire on the north slope above middle Mildred Lake in Mason County.

It was the last holiday weekend of the summer. It was one last chance to take a high-lake fishing trip and to backpack with the family before school began again. It was hot. There had been no rain for days, and the air was still. People were warned of the high fire danger and were urged to be extra cautious. At six that Sunday evening, campers around the Mildred Lakes noticed smoke rising above the middle lake. Within minutes, flames were leaping into the air. Immediately, people were on the scene, anxious to do whatever possible to put out the blaze.

One of the fishermen, had worked as a smoke jumper on fire crews in his youth. He organized the group to circle the blaze with trenches. The only hope was to contain the blaze. In an oval area of 75 yards, some of the fire fighters scraped the earth with whatever they had, while a number of girls formed a line to the lake, which was 100

yards downhill. The girls were sending buckets of water up the slope to the fire. The group worked as a team for nearly three hours. They dug trenches around the blaze and, at the same time, covered the flames with earth. By darkness, the flames had been smothered and the fire was under control.

While the fire was blazing, a Forest Service patrol aircraft had been seen overhead. Men from the Forest Service then reported the blaze. A standby fire crew was sent out and arrived late that night. The regular fire crew arrived early the next morning and remained on the scene for 72 hours, pumping water on the area and watching for any sign of further burning.

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En>Ara passages for translation فقرات للترجمة من الإنجليزية للعربية

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